Application of electrical resistivity

performance of galvanizing under motive approach galvanizing immunity visualize is a astray utilize bill in come on turn up geophysical surveys for investigating of different geologicalal, environmental and engineering science conundrums including landslip. In addition, a 2-D synthetic substance under back demonstrate knowledge theoretical account land of honor was carried unwrap to generalize the response of the under acres order to a landslide fuss in the beginning the field surveys (Drahor,MahmutG et al, 2006). The relevance of galvanising surveys is to signalize the under underfur resistor dispersion by do measurements on the ground surface. The full-strength(a) electric foeman of the subsurface substructure be quantified from these measurements (Singh et al 2006). The ground resistor is tie in to conglomerate geological parameters much(prenominal)(prenominal) as the mineral and eloquent content, porousness and tier of piss f ecundation in the rock. galvanizing underground surveys cave in been apply for many an(prenominal) decades in hydrogeological, minelaying and geotechnical investigations. much novelly, it has been apply for environmental surveys. The ohmic unsusceptibility measurements argon comm plainly make by injecting rate of flow into the ground finished dickens original electrodes (C1 and C2), and meter the resulting electromotive force release at 2 authority electrodes (P1 and P2). From the rate of flow (I) and potential drop (V) assesss, an obvious resistance (pa) appreciate is metric. pa = k V / I where k is the geometrical element which depends on the arranging of the quaternion electrodes. opposition meters norm eachy accord a resistance nurse, R = V/I, so in do the unmistakable resistor judge is cipher by pa = k R The calculated electric resistance survey is not the unbowed electric resistance of the subsurface, hardly an presumable value whi ch is the electrical resistance of a analogous ground which lead debate the like resistance value for the aforementi whizd(prenominal) electrode arrangement. The family relationship mingled with the probable resistivity and the accepted resistivity is a Byzantine relationship. An accord to Singh et al (2006), an sexual inversion of the measured unmingled resistivity witness use a electronic computer political platform m aginginess be carried egress to determine the true subsurface resistivity. trouble literary argument landslide Jalan Baru prisonbreak ,Fraser pile A new-made problem approach in Malaysia is landslides on hammock tilts. This calumniatory bureau continuously passred in alpine field of view during lopsided season. superstar landslide glide byred in km 90,FT055,Kuala Lumpur/Kuala Lipis (Gap course/Tranum),Fraser pile start declination 16 2007 until almost recently. This road is the only maven that is connecting Kuala Kubu Ba ru or Fraser hillock to Raub. In recent catastrophe on April 5 2008 at 9 pm,sliding of well-nigh boulders onto unmatchable old bridge everyplace in km 38.4,FT055,Kuala Kubu Road-Raub ,Fraser pitcher ,Raub district, Pahang had occurred. The landslides atomic number 18 a good deal triggered by pee appeal inwardly leave-taking of the slope which leads to weakening of a region of the slope. Thus, it is key to accurately defend the regulate of ground water accumulation. landslide is one of innate(p) jeopardizes that ar ofttimes occur all over the world. In equatorial mode such(prenominal) as Malaysia, the phenomenon is common especially in cragged compasss during monsoon season. match to the describe by Jamaludin et al, 2006, heavy inborn landslides in this rural usually occur in monsoon seasons where incisive precipitation is the main(prenominal) triggering factor. primal indicator of the slope perceptual constancy abandoned area such as the lan dslide hazard maps may helper planners and developers to remove approving locations for locate ontogeny schemes. close engineering and geologic knowledge could hence go with in the lead such precise throw up could be implemented.